智能手机应用程序开发是软件开发的一个新的热点，但如何才能跨入这道门楣呢？今天我通过为自己的多普达565手机添加一个天气预报程序来向大家讲解一下。我们都知道QQ有一个免费提供给Blog引用的天气预报服务网址http://appnews.qq.com/cgi-bin/news_qq_search?city=上海（上海是我自己所在城市，如果想看自己的城市，在浏览器中改成城市名称即可），现在我使用QQ提供的这个服务，将其包装部署为一个Web服务，并编写程序使得我的多普达565智能手机能使用这个Web服务。
设备要求：
PC开发环境：Windows XP SP2，Visual Studio 2003.NET,.NET Framework 1.1 SP1
操作系统：Windows Mobile(TM) 2003第二版，版本4.21.1088(Build 14235.2.0.0)
智能手机：多普达565
一、环境安装
首先我们必须安装.NET Mobile所需要的开发环境，必须安装的软件(如下软件都是微软提供免费下载和使用的)
1、Microsoft ActiveSync 3.7.1
下载网址：http://www.microsoft.com/windowsmobile/downloads/activesync37.mspx，里面有中文版本，或者，在手机附带的微软光盘里面有安装程序；最新版本Microsoft ActiveSync 3.8出来了，可以到摘要的页面中去找链接下载，但这个程序我还是用的老版本。
作用：同步手机和PC机数据的程序
2、Microsoft SMARTPHONE 2003 SDK.msi
下载网址：
http://download.microsoft.com/download/e/3/1/e310bb99-2f33-4d79-bb8a-41d9cb3c79b4/Microsoft SMARTPHONE 2003 SDK.msi
3、MobileAppDevToolkit2004.exe
下载地址：http://download.microsoft.com/download/b/2/5/b25742c0-daa3-4a8c-988d-a947a35e0a68/MobileAppDevToolkit2004.exe
二、设计并部署WebService
1、建立一个名为WeatherService的WebService，并将QQ的天气服务转为XML WebService服务，部署在一台具有固定IP的服务器上。
2、新建一个WeatherDataSet.XSD，存储我们的天气信息
＜?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?＞
＜xs:schema id="WeatherDataSet" targetNamespace="Ezhi.Services.WeatherService" elementFormDefault="qualified"
attributeFormDefault="qualified" xmlns="Ezhi.Services.WeatherService" xmlns:mstns="Ezhi.Services.WeatherService"
xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata"＞
＜xs:element name="WeatherDataSet" msdata:IsDataSet="true"＞
＜xs:complexType＞
＜xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded"＞
＜xs:element name="WeatherDS"＞
＜xs:complexType＞
＜xs:sequence＞
＜xs:element name="CityName" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" /＞
＜xs:element name="Date1" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" /＞
＜xs:element name="Weather1" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" /＞
＜xs:element name="Temp1" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" /＞
＜xs:element name="WindPower1" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" /＞
＜xs:element name="Date2" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" /＞
＜xs:element name="Weather2" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" /＞
＜xs:element name="Temp2" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" /＞
＜xs:element name="WindPower2" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" /＞
＜/xs:sequence＞
＜/xs:complexType＞
＜/xs:element＞
＜/xs:choice＞
＜/xs:complexType＞
＜/xs:element＞
＜/xs:schema＞
3、WeatherService的源代码如下
#region Using directives
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
#endregion
namespace WeatherService
{
/// ＜summary＞
/// Service1 的摘要说明。
/// ＜/summary＞
[WebService(Description="WeatherService 天气Service",Namespace="WeatherService")]
public class Weather : System.Web.Services.WebService
{
#region Variable
private string tommorow;
#endregion
#region 构造函数
public Weather()
{
InitializeComponent();
if(DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Month.ToString().Length == 1)
{
tommorow= "0"+DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Month.ToString()+"月" +
DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Day.ToString()+"日";
}
else
{
tommorow= DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Month.ToString()+"月" +
DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Day.ToString()+"日";
}
}
#endregion
#region 组件设计器生成的代码
//Web 服务设计器所必需的
private IContainer components = null;
/// ＜summary＞
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
/// 此方法的内容。
/// ＜/summary＞
private void InitializeComponent()
{}
/// ＜summary＞
/// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
/// ＜/summary＞
protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
{
if(disposing && components != null)
{
components.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
#endregion
#region [OK] GetWeatherDataSet 天气预报
[WebMethod(Description="天气预报")]
public DataSet GetWeatherDataSet(string cityName)
{
string url=@"http://appnews.qq.com/cgi-bin/news_qq_search";
string weatherData="";
try
{
weatherData = GetPage(url,cityName).Replace(" ","").Trim();
}
catch(Exception)
{
throw new Exception("对不起，没有这个城市的天气信息！");
}
//System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine( tommorow );
//System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine( weatherData );
WeatherDataSet weatherDs = new WeatherDataSet();
weatherDs.WeatherDS.AddWeatherDSRow(GetWeatherRow(ref weatherDs,weatherData,cityName) );
return weatherDs;
}
private WeatherDataSet.WeatherDSRow GetWeatherRow(ref WeatherDataSet weatherDs,string weatherData,string cityName)
{
WeatherDataSet.WeatherDSRow weatherRow = weatherDs.WeatherDS.NewWeatherDSRow();
weatherRow.CityName = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.IndexOf("●")+1,cityName.Length);
weatherRow.Date1 = DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString();
weatherRow.Weather1 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.IndexOf("天气")+"天气".Length,weatherData.IndexOf("气温")-(weatherData.IndexOf("天气")+"天气".Length));
weatherRow.Temp1 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.IndexOf("气温")+"气温".Length,weatherData.IndexOf("风力")-(weatherData.IndexOf("气温")+"气温".Length)).Replace("℃-","℃/");
weatherRow.WindPower1 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.IndexOf("风力")+"风力".Length,weatherData.IndexOf(tommorow)-(weatherData.IndexOf("风力")+"风力".Length));
weatherRow.Date2 = DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).ToLongDateString();
weatherRow.Weather2 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.LastIndexOf("天气")+"天气".Length,weatherData.LastIndexOf("气温")-(weatherData.LastIndexOf("天气")+"天气".Length));
weatherRow.Temp2 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.LastIndexOf("气温")+"气温".Length,weatherData.LastIndexOf("风力")-(weatherData.LastIndexOf("气温")+"气温".Length)).Replace("℃-","℃/");
weatherRow.WindPower2 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.LastIndexOf("风力")+"风力".Length);
return weatherRow;
}
#endregion
#region GetPageString 获取QQ的天气服务
//private string xx="";
[WebMethod(Description="天气预报")]
public string GetPageString(string cityName)
{
string url=@"http://appnews.qq.com/cgi-bin/news_qq_search";
return GetPage(url,cityName);
}
private static string GetPage(string url,string cityName)
{
HttpWebResponse res = null;
string strResult = "";
try
{
string postData = "city=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(cityName,System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"));
HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
req.Method = "POST";
req.KeepAlive = true;
req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
StringBuilder UrlEncoded = new StringBuilder();
byte[] SomeBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(postData);
req.ContentLength = SomeBytes.Length;
Stream newStream = req.GetRequestStream();
newStream.Write(SomeBytes, 0, SomeBytes.Length);
newStream.Close();
//获得流内容
res = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
System.IO.Stream s=res.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(s,System.Text.Encoding.Default);
strResult=reader.ReadToEnd();
}
catch(Exception e)
{
strResult = e.ToString();
}
finally
{
if ( res != null )
{
res.Close();
}
}
strResult=strResult.Remove(0,strResult.IndexOf("●"));
if( cityName != "北京" )
{
strResult=strResult.Remove(strResult.IndexOf("北京"),strResult.Length-strResult.IndexOf("北京"));
}
else
{
strResult=strResult.Remove(strResult.LastIndexOf("北京"),strResult.Length-strResult.LastIndexOf("北京"));
}
strResult=strResult.Trim();
while(strResult.IndexOf(@"＜") != -1)
{
strResult=strResult.Remove(strResult.IndexOf(@"＜"),strResult.IndexOf(@"＞")-strResult.IndexOf(@"＜")+1);
}
while(strResult.IndexOf(@" ") != -1)
{
strResult=strResult.Replace(" ","");
}
string x = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(new Byte[]{10});
string y = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(new Byte[]{9});
while(strResult.IndexOf(x) != -1)
{
strResult=strResult.Replace(x,"");
}
while(strResult.IndexOf(y) != -1)
{
strResult=strResult.Replace(y,"");
}
return strResult;
}
#endregion
}
}
记得将在Web.Config文件加入以下节点，使得WebService能被外部访问
＜!-- WebService 获取的途径 --＞
＜webServices＞
＜protocols＞
＜add name="HttpSoap"/＞
＜add name="HttpPost"/＞
＜add name="HttpGet"/＞
＜add name="HttpPostLocalhost"/?
＜add name="Documentation"/＞
＜/protocols＞
＜/webServices＞
三、新建手机应用程序项目
1、新建一个智能设备应用程序，在主面板上拖放如图2所示的几个控件，其中timer是用来检查是否数据已经下载完毕的。
 图1－新建智能设备应用程序 |
 图2－界面设计 |
2、引用建好的WebService
 图3－引用WebService |
3、WeatherService智能手机上运行的程序源代码
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
namespace WeatherService
{
/// ＜summary＞
/// Summary description for MainForm.
/// ＜/summary＞
public class MainForm : System.Windows.Forms.Form
{
private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox_City;
private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Weather1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Date1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Temp1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_WindPower1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Temp2;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_WindPower2;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Date2;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Weather2;
private System.Windows.Forms.MainMenu mainMenu1;
private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem_Menu;
private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem_Exit;
private System.Windows.Forms.Label label_City;
private System.Windows.Forms.Timer timer1;
private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem2;
private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem3;
public string[] cityList = new string[]
{
"北京",
"上海",
"天津",
"石家庄",
"哈尔滨",
"沈阳",
"长春",
"太原",
"济南",
"郑州",
"天津",
"呼和浩特",
"西安",
"银川",
"兰州",
"西宁",
"乌鲁木齐",
"合肥",
"南昌",
"南京",
"杭州",
"武汉",
"长沙",
"广州",
"深圳",
"福州",
"厦门",
"南宁",
"桂林",
"海口",
"重庆",
"成都",
"贵阳",
"昆明",
"拉萨",
"香港",
"澳门",
"台北",
};
public MainForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
foreach( string x in cityList)
{
this.comboBox_City.Items.Add(x);
}
this.comboBox_City.SelectedIndex = 0;
}
/// ＜summary＞
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// ＜/summary＞
protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
{
base.Dispose( disposing );
}
#region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// ＜summary＞
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// ＜/summary＞
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.mainMenu1 = new System.Windows.Forms.MainMenu();
this.menuItem1 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();
this.menuItem_Menu = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();
this.menuItem_Exit = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();
this.menuItem3 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();
this.menuItem2 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();
this.comboBox_City = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
this.label_City = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
this.txt_Weather1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
this.txt_Date1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
this.txt_Temp1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
this.txt_WindPower1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
this.txt_Temp2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
this.txt_WindPower2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
this.txt_Date2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
this.txt_Weather2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
this.timer1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer();
//
// mainMenu1
//
this.mainMenu1.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem1);
this.mainMenu1.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem_Menu);
//
// menuItem1
//
this.menuItem1.Text = "确定";
this.menuItem1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.menuItem1_Click);
//
// menuItem_Menu
//
this.menuItem_Menu.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem_Exit);
this.menuItem_Menu.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem3);
this.menuItem_Menu.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem2);
this.menuItem_Menu.Text = "菜单";
//
// menuItem_Exit
//
this.menuItem_Exit.Text = "退出";
this.menuItem_Exit.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.menuItem_Exit_Click);
//
// menuItem3
//
this.menuItem3.Text = "-";
//
// menuItem2
//
this.menuItem2.Text = "关于";
this.menuItem2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.menuItem2_Click);
//
// comboBox_City
//
this.comboBox_City.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);
this.comboBox_City.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(52, 8);
this.comboBox_City.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(114, 22);
//
// label_City
//
this.label_City.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold);
this.label_City.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(4, 12);
this.label_City.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(52, 16);
this.label_City.Text = "城市：";
this.label_City.TextAlign = System.Drawing.ContentAlignment.TopCenter;
//
// txt_Weather1
//
this.txt_Weather1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);
this.txt_Weather1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 50);
this.txt_Weather1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);
this.txt_Weather1.Text = "天气:";
//
// txt_Date1
//
this.txt_Date1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);
this.txt_Date1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 34);
this.txt_Date1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);
this.txt_Date1.Text = "日期:";
//
// txt_Temp1
//
this.txt_Temp1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);
this.txt_Temp1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 68);
this.txt_Temp1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);
this.txt_Temp1.Text = "气温:";
//
// txt_WindPower1
//
this.txt_WindPower1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);
this.txt_WindPower1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 84);
this.txt_WindPower1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);
this.txt_WindPower1.Text = "风力:";
//
// txt_Temp2
//
this.txt_Temp2.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);
this.txt_Temp2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 140);
this.txt_Temp2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);
this.txt_Temp2.Text = "气温:";
//
// txt_WindPower2
//
this.txt_WindPower2.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);
this.txt_WindPower2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 156);
this.txt_WindPower2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);
this.txt_WindPower2.Text = "风力:";
//
// txt_Date2
//
this.txt_Date2.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);
this.txt_Date2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 108);
this.txt_Date2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);
this.txt_Date2.Text = "日期:";
//
// txt_Weather2
//
this.txt_Weather2.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);
this.txt_Weather2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 124);
this.txt_Weather2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);
this.txt_Weather2.Text = "天气:";
//
// timer1
//
this.timer1.Interval = 200;
this.timer1.Tick += new System.EventHandler(this.timer1_Tick);
//
// MainForm
//
this.Controls.Add(this.comboBox_City);
this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Date1);
this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Weather1);
this.Controls.Add(this.label_City);
this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Temp1);
this.Controls.Add(this.txt_WindPower1);
this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Temp2);
this.Controls.Add(this.txt_WindPower2);
this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Date2);
this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Weather2);
this.Menu = this.mainMenu1;
this.Text = "天气预报";
}
#endregion
/// ＜summary＞
/// The main entry point for the application.
/// ＜/summary＞
static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new MainForm());
}
private void menuItem_Exit_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
this.Dispose();
}
private void menuItem1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
SearchWeather(this.comboBox_City.Text);
}
private string[] myString = new string[]
{
"日期: ",
"温度: ",
"天气: ",
"风力: ",
};
public void SearchWeather(string cityName)
{
if( this.txt_Date1.Text != myString[0] )
{
ReSelect();
}
this.Text = "正在下载...";
this.timer1.Enabled = true;
WeatherService.Weather weather = new WeatherService.Weather();
DataSet myDs = weather.GetWeatherDataSet(cityName);
this.txt_Date1.Text = myString[0] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Date1"].ToString();
this.txt_Temp1.Text = myString[1] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Temp1"].ToString();
this.txt_Weather1.Text = myString[2] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Weather1"].ToString();
this.txt_WindPower1.Text = myString[3] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["WindPower1"].ToString();
this.txt_Date2.Text = myString[0] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Date2"].ToString();
this.txt_Temp2.Text = myString[1] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Temp2"].ToString();
this.txt_Weather2.Text = myString[2] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Weather2"].ToString();
this.txt_WindPower2.Text = myString[3] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["WindPower2"].ToString();
}
private void ReSelect()
{
this.txt_Date1.Text = myString[0];
this.txt_Temp1.Text = myString[1];
this.txt_Weather1.Text = myString[2];
this.txt_WindPower1.Text = myString[3];
this.txt_Date2.Text = myString[0];
this.txt_Temp2.Text = myString[1];
this.txt_Weather2.Text = myString[2];
this.txt_WindPower2.Text = myString[3];
}
private void timer1_Tick(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
if( this.txt_Date1.Text.IndexOf("月") != -1)
{
this.timer1.Enabled = false;
this.Text = "天气预报";
}
}
private void menuItem2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
this.Text = "作者:贺星河";
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(3000);
this.Text = "天气预报";
}
}
} |
四、在多普达565手机上部署并运行
1、在VS.NET2003的“解决方案WeatherService”上点击右键，选择”部署解决方案”，出现一下对话框
 图4－部署解决方案 |
选择“部署”，“部署”完成后，手机上将显示如下界面
 图5、手机界面之一－部署 |
因为我的PC机器上安装了.NET Framework1.1SP1，所以会提示这个界面，选择“确定”，继续执行安装部署：
 图6、手机界面之二－选择安装位置 |
选择安装位置为”Sotrage Card”,选择“完成”,这个时候程序就部署完毕了，
使用Resco Explore 2003，找到安装部署后程序所在的目录，在 \Sorage\Program Files\WeatherService\ 目录下面，执行程序WeatherService.exe，将出现如下画面：
 图7、手机界面之三－开始执行程序 选择“是”。 |
之所以出现这个画面，是因为程序没有经过系统的认证，也是微软安全方面的一个体现，即时这个程序会正常执行，也不会冒然打出电话！
程序执行之后，会出现如下画面，选择需要查询的城市名称，点“确定”
 图8、手机界面之四－程序界面 |
之后程序标题会变为“正在下载…”，程序通过GPRS上网读取部署在Internet上的WebService
 图9、手机界面之五－运行界面 |
稍等几秒钟之后，便会看到所需要的天气信息数据
 图10、手机界面之六－运行结果 |
