首先以父子关系为例: < 对应生成的DDL drop table PARENT; 代码: drop table CHILD; create table PARENT (ID INTEGER not null generated by default as identity, primary key (ID)); create table CHILD (ID INTEGER not null generated by default as identity, PARENTID INTEGER, primary key (ID)); alter table CHILD add constraint FK3D1FCFC74B18345 foreign key (PARENTID) references PARENT; *大写的部分inverse="true"表示 ParentPO 本身不维护表之间的关系!,而由想反的一方 children来维护, *CASCADE=“ALL”表示 无论是update,insert ,delete 都保持几连关系 *lazy="true"表示初始化父亲的时候不会把所有的儿子都从数据库中load进来。 下面先看一下几个例子: 生成的SQL: 代码: Hibernate: insert into PARENT (ID) values (default) Hibernate: insert into CHILD (PARENTID, ID) values (?, default) Hibernate: insert into CHILD (PARENTID, ID) values (?, default) 结果 C:\Myapp\SQLLIB\BIN>db2 select * from child 代码: ID PARENTID ----------- ----------- 71 44 72 44 73 44 C:\Myapp\SQLLIB\BIN>db2 select * from parent ID ----------- 44 注重之只有一句:session.save(parent);就把两个儿子保存进了数据库。 *首先讲讲inverse=true作用: 这里关系是由儿子维护的,所以假如只是往父亲里加入儿子,不给儿子设置父亲的话session.save(parent),就不会保存儿子! 看这个例子:注重与例子1的对比 代码: *ChildPO child = new ChildPO(parent)---〉ChildPO child = new ChildPO(), ITxMgr tx = null; tx = HibernateTxMgr.beginTrans("Add a new relationships..."); session = (Session) tx.getSession(); parent = new ParentPO(); ChildPO child = new ChildPO(); ChildPO child2 = new ChildPO(); List list = new ArrayList(); list.add(child); list.add(child2); parent.setChildren(list); session.save(parent); session.flush(); System.out.println("dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd") ; ChildPO child3 = new ChildPO(); child3.setParent(parent); session.save(child3); session.flush(); System.out.println("eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee") ; tx.endTrans(); 生成的SQL没有变 代码: Hibernate: insert into PARENT (ID) values (default) Hibernate: insert into CHILD (PARENTID, ID) values (?, default) Hibernate: insert into CHILD (PARENTID, ID) values (?, default) dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd Hibernate: insert into CHILD (PARENTID, ID) values (?, default) eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee *注重父子关系丢失了 C:\Myapp\SQLLIB\BIN>db2 select * from child 代码: ID PARENTID ----------- ----------- 74 - 75 - 76 45 C:\Myapp\SQLLIB\BIN>db2 select * from parent ID ----------- 45 *为什么最后一个孩子的父亲没有丢失呢? 就在于child3.setParent(parent);,所以关系是由孩子维护的,假如child不setParent,或者 new childPO(父亲)的话 父子关系就丢失了,parent.setChildren(list);是没有用的! *这里就又引入了另外一个问题为什么要用inverse? 用了它维护关系起岂不是很麻烦?,这里给出个例子给大家一个解释:(要害原因在于性能) 下面这个例子和例子一完全一样,所差的就是没有用inverse=true 例子2: 代码: hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.etech.bm.po.ChildPO" table="CHILD"> <id name="id" column="ID" type="integer"> <generator class="identity"/> </id> <many-to-one name="parent" class="com.etech.bm.po.ParentPO" column="PARENTID"/> </class> <class name="com.etech.bm.po.ParentPO" table="PARENT"> <id name="id" column="ID" type="integer"> <generator class="identity"/> </id> <bag name="children" CASCADE=“ALL”> <key column="PARENTID"/> <one-to-many class="com.etech.bm.po.ChildPO"/> </bag> </class> </hibernate-mapping> 代码: drop table PARENT; drop table CHILD; create table PARENT (ID INTEGER not null generated by default as identity, primary key (ID)); create table CHILD (ID INTEGER not null generated by default as identity, PARENTID INTEGER, primary key (ID)); alter table CHILD add constraint FK3D1FCFC74B18345 foreign key (PARENTID) references PARENT; 代码: ITxMgr tx = null; tx = HibernateTxMgr.beginTrans("Add a new relationships..."); session = (Session) tx.getSession(); parent = new ParentPO(); ChildPO child = new ChildPO(parent); ChildPO child2 = new ChildPO(parent); List list = new ArrayList(); list.add(child); list.add(child2); parent.setChildren(list); session.save(parent); session.flush(); System.out.println("dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd") ; ChildPO child3 = new ChildPO(); child3.setParent(parent); session.save(child3); session.flush(); System.out.println("eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee") ; tx.endTrans(); hibernate 生成的sql Hibernate: insert into PARENT (ID) values (default) 代码: Hibernate: insert into CHILD (PARENTID, ID) values (?, default) Hibernate: insert into CHILD (PARENTID, ID) values (?, default) Hibernate: update CHILD set PARENTID=? where ID=? dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd Hibernate: insert into CHILD (PARENTID, ID) values (?, default) Hibernate: values IDENTITY_VAL_LOCAL() 结果 C:\Myapp\SQLLIB\BIN>db2 select * from parent 代码: ID ----------- 46 ID PARENTID ----------- ----------- 77 46 78 46 79 46 明显比原来多了一句Hibernate: update CHILD set PARENTID=? where ID=?针对每一个孩子都去更新父亲的id明显速度很慢,因为父亲有个孩子的集合,他无法知道哪个孩子的父亲id已经指向自己了,所以对于每一个孩子,都要更新父亲使他只想自己,而这个关系由孩子维护就好多了,每个孩子只有一个父亲,只有设置过的才需要更新,所以显然,这个父子关系由孩子来维护比较省力.减轻了数据库的负担 *现在我们再来看看在没有 inverse=true 的条件下 ChildPO child = new ChildPO(parent)---〉ChildPO child = new ChildPO(), 代码: ITxMgr tx = null; tx = HibernateTxMgr.beginTrans("Add a new relationships..."); session = (Session) tx.getS
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