ORACLE在HP_UX下的系列问题处理(2)_Oracle教程

UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　Oracle: 在HP-UX 10.20系统中配置Oracle 8.0.5UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　问题UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　如何在HP-UX 10.20系统中正确地配置Oracle 8.0.5UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　配置UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　操作系统 - HP-UXUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　版本 - 10.20 UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　硬件系统 - HP9000UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　系统 - K580 UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 /> 　　子系统 - Oracle 8.0.5UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　解决方法UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　在HP-UX 10.20系统下正确配置Oracle 8.0.5 可执行如下步骤：注：此信息摘录自Oracle 8 安装指南（产品部件号 A64525-01), 第二部分（设置环境），页码2-4到2-5 。 UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　可以在如下的URL链接中下载此文档：UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 http://docs.oracle.com/f48198/SHIPHOME/DOC/prodUCt_0/a64525.pdfUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　1.　以root 登录UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　2.　设置Oracle8 服务器环境UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　- 为Oracle 配置UXIX内核UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 - 创建Mount 点UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 - 为自己的Oracle软件设置Unix账号UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 - 创建一个临时bin 目录UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 - 创建oratab文件UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　- 为Oracle 配置Unix内核UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 - 为调节Oracle8的SGA结构，配置Unix内核的进程间通讯（IPC）参数。 UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　假如系统中没有足够的共享内存以调节SGA的话，就无法启动数据库。 UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　3.　使用'ipcs'命令获得系统当前共享内存和信号段，以及他们的标识号及拥有者的列表。UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　由于HP-UX系统中共享内存被动态装载，当运行'ipcs'时，您也可能会接到共享内存设施不在系统内的消息。共享内存驱动在Oracle8服务器被执行后才被装载，您可以使用系统治理员（SAM）来确认系统已经配有足够的共享内存。UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　4.以如下的方式设置内核参数：UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 - n 最大尺寸的共享内存段（SHMMAX）UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 - n 系统中最大数据的共享内存段（SHMMNI）UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 - n 用户进程所能附属的最大数目的共享内存段（SHMSEG）UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 - n 在全系统内可用于分配的最大共享内存数量（SHMMNS）UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　用如下的公式确定总的可用共享内存数量：SHMMAX*SHMESGUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　在表2-2中的参数控制着信号量与共享内存的分配。推荐的数值对于一个实例来讲是最优的，并且也是基于init sid.ora文件的缺省值。假如想安装多个实例，或是更广泛地修改init sid.ora文件，可以把这些参数设得更高些。Oracle公司推荐将这些参数在操作系统答应范围内设置得尽可能高。然而，将这些参数设置得过高可能会阻止系统的启动。参见操作系统文档可以得到这些参数的设置限定。 UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　5. 以最小的推荐值用SAM配置HP-UX内核UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　推荐值：UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　shmmax=4294967295UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　shmmin=1UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　shmmni=100UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　shmseg=10UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　semmns=200UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　semmni=70UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　 ORACLE在HP_UX下的系列问题处理(2)（图一）

UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　.........following with all English text ....UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　Oracle: configuring Oracle 8.0.5 on an HP-UX 10.20 systemUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　PROBLEMUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　How do I properly configure Oracle 8.0.5 on my HP-UX 10.20 system?UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　CONFIGURATIONUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　Operating System - HP-UXUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　Version - 10.20UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　Hardware System - HP9000UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　Series - K580UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　Subsystem - Oracle 8.0.5UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　RESOLUTIONUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　Perform the following steps to properly configure Oracle 8.0.5 onUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　your 10.20 system:UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 Note: This information was extracted from the Oracle 8 InstallationUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　 Guide (Part Number A64525-01), Section 2 (Setting theUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　 Environment),UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802> pages 2-4 through 2-5.UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　 You can download this document from the following URL (UniformUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　 Resource Locator):UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　 http://docs.oracle.com/f48198/SHIPHOME/DOC/product_0/a64525.pdfUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 1. Log in as root.UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 2. Setup the Oracle8 Server environment:UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　- Configure UNIX Kernel for OracleUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　- Create Mount PointsUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　- Create UNIX Groups for Database AdministratorsUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　- Create UNIX Account to Own Oracle SoftwareUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　- Create a Local bin DirectoryUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　- Create the oratab FileUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　- Configure UNIX Kernel for OracleUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　- Configure the UNIX kernel Interprocess Communication (IPC)UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　parameters to accommodate the SGA structure of the Oracle8UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　Server.　You will not be able to start the database if theUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　system does not have adequate shared memory to accommodateUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　the SGA.UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 3. Use the 'ipcs' command to oBTain a list of the system's currentUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　shared memory and semaphore segments, and their identificationUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　number and owner.UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　Because the shared memory in HP-UX is dynamically loaded, whenUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　you run 'ipcs', you may receive a message that the shared memoryUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　facility is not in the system.　The shared memory driver isUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　loaded after the Oracle8 Server is executed.　You can use theUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　System Administration Manager (SAM) to verify that the systemUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　has been configured with enough shared memory.UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 4. Set the kernel parameters in the following manner:UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　- n maximum size of a shared memory segment (SHMMAX)UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　- n maximum number of shared memory segments in the systemUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　(SHMMNI)UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　- n maximum number of shared memory segments a user process canUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　attach (SHMSEG)UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　- n maximum amount of shared memory that can be allocatedUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　system-wide (SHMMNS)UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　Use this formula to determine the total allowable sharedUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　memory:UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　SHMMAX * SHMSEGUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　The parameters in Table 2-2 control the allocation ofUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　semaphores and shared memory.　The recommended values areUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　optimal for one instance, and are based on the defaultUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　init sid.ora file.　If you plan to install more than oneUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　instance, or to modify the init sid.ora file extensively, setUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　these parameters higher.　Oracle Corporation recommends thatUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　you set these parameters as high as possible for the operatingUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　system.　However, setting these parameters too high for theUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　operating system can prevent the system from booting.　ReferUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　　to the operating system documentation for parameter limits.UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 5. Use SAM to configure the HP-UX kernel with the minimumUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　recommended values:UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　shmmax=4294967295UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　shmmin=1UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　shmmni=100UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　shmseg=10UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　semmns=200UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　　　semmni=70UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　Table 2-2 Shared Memory and Semaphore ParametersUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　 ORACLE在HP_UX下的系列问题处理(2)（图二）

UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　Note: See A4074887 forUploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802 />　　related information. UploadFiles/200712579/2008291234618777802>