(原创)oracle数据库备份与恢复 a piece of cake (2)_Oracle教程

第二集……

Oracle数据库冷备份：（unix or Linux平台）

1. 建立教本治理目录 /u01/app/oracle/admin/admin_script
2. 建立数据库备份的脚本
在上面建立的目录下建立如下的两个脚本。
2.1 建立执行备份任务的脚本(shell script)
    文件内容如下：

    #! /bin/sh
Rem ===========================================================================
Rem  NAME     - close_Backup_run.sh
Rem  FUNCTION - Creates a backup script for a User Managed backup
Rem  NOTES    - This script will create a script and run OS copy commands
Rem             on closed (cold) database
Rem  MODIFIED - Mr. Tianliang Guo    02/08/08   Original File
Rem ===========================================================================

Rem  For unix, set environment variables for the root path.
ORACLE_SID=TSTDB
ORACLE_CONNECTSTRING=tstdb
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/prodUCt/8.1.7
ORACLE_DATA=$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/$ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_ADMIN=$ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID
eXPort ORACLE_SID ORACLE_CONNECTSTRING ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_DATA ORACLE_ADMIN

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus /nolog @close_backup.sql > close_backup.log

2.2 建立完成备份认为的命令文件(sqlplus内执行的sql脚本）
文件内容如下：

Rem ===========================================================================
Rem  NAME     - close_backup.sql
Rem  FUNCTION - Creates a backup script for a User Managed backup
Rem  NOTES    - This script will create a script and run OS copy commands
Rem             on closed (cold) database

Rem  MODIFIED - ksmith             01/01/02           Original File
Rem           - Tianliang Guo      2002/08/18
Rem ===========================================================================
Rem Set SQL*Plus variables to manipulate output

set heading off
set verify off
set pagesize 0
set linesize 600
set feedback off

Rem Set SQL*Plus user variables used in script

define adm = 'sys'
define pwd = 'oracle8i'

Rem Linux or Unix User variables
define bkdir = '/u05/oracle/oradata/tstdb/backup'
define filcbc = '/tmp/closed_backup_commands.sql'
define copy = 'cp'

Rem login database
connect &adm/&pwd as sysdba;

Rem Create a file containing all the file copy commands needed for physical backup

spool &filcbc
prompt Rem  NAME     - close_backup.sql
prompt
prompt Rem Shutdown the database cleanly
prompt shutdown immediate;;
prompt
prompt Rem  backup data file
select 'host © ' name   ' &bkdir' from v$datafile    order by 1;
prompt
prompt Rem backup log file
select 'host © ' member ' &bkdir' from v$logfile     order by 1;
prompt
prompt Rem backup control file
select 'host © ' name   ' &bkdir' from v$controlfile order by 1;
prompt
prompt Rem backup temporay file
select 'host © ' name   ' &bkdir' from v$tempfile    order by 1;
prompt
prompt alter database backup controlfile to trace;;
prompt
prompt Rem Start the database again
prompt startup;;
prompt

spool off;

Rem Run the copy file commands

@&

exit;

3. 修改教本定义的变量
在运行教本中定义的一些变量，将其改为本地数据库安装环境的变量。
需要修改的变量有,
在close_Backup_run.bat脚本中：
  set ORACLE_SID=TSTDB
  set ORACLE_CONNECTSTRING=tstdb
  set ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle/
  set ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/8.1.7
在close_backup.sql脚本中：
  define adm = 'sys'
  define pwd = 'oracle8i'
  define bkdir = '/u05/oracle/oradata/TSTDB/backup'

4. 执行数据库备份任务
在$ORACLE_BASE/admin/admin_script目录下运行close_Backup_run.sh
[oracle@RHT admin_script]./close_Backup_run.sh

5. 执行自动备份。
在crontab文件中添加如下的一行
00 3 * * 6 $ORACLE_BASE/admin/admin_script/close_Backup_run.sh
解释：每周六凌晨3点执行数据库关闭，数据库备份，数据库重启。
具体的方式自己定义。

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